the rice standard system

Kinjiro investigated the real tax revenue of the past few years of Utsu family's territory.

Tax revenue of fiscal year 1822，1005 bales and 127 ryo.
　
"Over the next decade，I will freeze as revenue of utsu family this number.　
Household management of Utsu family is carried out in this range.
　
I will do reform and the development of farmland from now.
Therefore the occurrence of surplus be expected enough.
　
This surplus.
Its all is used as reform cost."
　
Kinjiro declared so at the beginning of the reform at 1823.
(Of course it was lunar calendar.)
　
　
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By the way，tax revenue by money.
Basic tax of Tokugawa era was rice.

People who do not make the rice.
They payed taxes by money.
Or by their specialty products.

Just maybe this may not have been called ”tax”.
Because ”tax” of Tokugawa era was "rice" to the end.

Katsu said ”Tokugawa era was the rice standard system.”
And "nevertheless money of 200000000 ryo were in circulation in Japan."
(about $ 200000000000?)

Of course Tokugawa era was about 270 years.
There would be change at distribution amount of money.



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Ruler of feudal have collected the rice from the rice paddy.
But they did not collect the crops of the field.
　
Farmers sold freely their harvest on the market.
And they paid a part of the profits as "tax".
This real tax rate was lower than rice.

Abandoned the rice paddy and do the only field crops.
Such farmers had increased gradually.
　
Utsu family cracked down on it of course.
However,distrust against public administration had increased in the farmers already.
　
It had little effect.
　
And rural became even incorporated in monetary economy in the state of system deficiencies thereby.

Most Farmers of them became suffered from high-interest debt.